ACS Nano , 2015, 9 (8), 8249-8254.

Direct evidence for solid-like hydrogen in a nanoporous carbon hydrogen storage material at supercritical temperatures

Ting, Valeska P. | Ramirez-Cuesta, Anibal J. | Bimbo, Nuno | Sharpe, Jessica E. | Noguera-Diaz, Antonio | Presser, Volker | Rudic, Svemir | Mays, Timothy J.

Here we report direct physical evidence that confinement of molecular hydrogen (H

2

) in an optimized nanoporous carbon results in accumulation of hydrogen with characteristics commensurate with solid H

2

at temperatures up to 67 K above the liquid-vapor critical temperature of bulk H

2

. This extreme densification is attributed to confinement of H

2

molecules in the optimally sized micropores, and occurs at pressures as low as 0.02 MPa. The quantities of contained, solid-like H

2

increased with pressure and were directly evaluated using in situ inelastic neutron scattering and confirmed by analysis of gas sorption isotherms. The demonstration of the existence of solid-like H

2

challenges the existing assumption that supercritical hydrogen confined in nanopores has an upper limit of liquid H

2

density. Thus, this insight offers opportunities for the development of more accurate models for the evaluation and design of nanoporous materials for high capacity adsorptive hydrogen storage.