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Jahresbericht 2014 - Annual Report 2014

10 ENERGIE-MATERIALIEN / ENERGY MATERIALS MISSION Research in the Junior Research Group Energy Materials is focused on the synthesis, characteriza- tion, and application of nanomaterials for electro- chemical applications. Our activities center on electrochemical energy storage (supercapacitors) and water treatment using capacitive deionization. Both applications are based on the electrical double-layer which forms at the interface between electrically charged materials and electrolytes with dissolved ionic species. Carbon nanomaterials are the most important electrode material and we utilize non-porous carbon nanoparticles (carbon onions, carbon black) and nanoporous carbons for electrochemical applications. In particular, polymer- and carbide-derived carbons are explored in com- plex forms (such as beads, fibers, or films). Beyond electrostatic ion electrosorption, Faradaic reactions resulting from nanoscopically implemented metal oxides within the carbon electrode enable to sig- nificantly increase the energy density of electro- chemical capacitors. We focus on a comprehensive array of materials characterization techniques and in-situ methods to gain novel insights into electro- chemical processes. Our contributions extend from basic research, materials synthesis, and the refine- ment of testing procedures to industrial collabora- tion and technology development. CURRENT WORK In-operando electrochemical thermoanalysis Supercapacitors are electrochemical devices for an abundance of stationary and mobile applications. Especially the advent of ionic liquids as an ad- vanced electrolyte has brought along the possibility for device operation at elevated temperatures ZIELSETZUNG Die Juniorforschungsgruppe Energie-Materialien erforscht und entwickelt Nanomaterialien für elektrochemische Anwendungen, wie beispielsweise zur elektrochemischen Energiespeicherung oder zur Wasseraufbereitung via kapazitiver Entionisierung. Auf der Materialseite liegt der Schwerpunkt auf hochporösen Kohlenstoffen und Hybrid- materialien, die als Pulver, Kugeln, Schäume oder Nano- fasern hergestellt werden. Nanoskalige Hybridisierung wird durch die Implementierung von Metalloxiden, Metallnitriden und Polymeren in Kohlenstoffnanomateria- lien erreicht. Hieraus werden auf der Anwendungsseite vor allem Elektroden für Superkondensatoren entwickelt. Ein wichtiges Ziel ist die Kombination von hoher Energie- und Leistungsdichte funktionaler Energiespeicher. Besondere Bedeutung nimmt die Charakterisierung der elektrochemi- schen Phänomene ein, die mit in-situ Methoden detailliert untersucht werden. Jun.-Prof. Dr. Volker Presser is head of the Junior Re- search Group Energy Mate- rials and Assistant Profes- sor at Saarland University. He received his doctorate in Applied Mineralogy at the Eberhard-Karls Univer- sity, Tübingen, and worked formerly as Research Assis- tant Professor at Drexel Uni- versity, Philadelphia, USA. JUN.-PROF. DR. VOLKER PRESSER GRUPPENBERICHTE / GROUP REPORTS // GRENZFLÄCHENMATERIALIEN / INTERFACE MATERIALS

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